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1. If the climate continues to change at its current rate, many coastal cities _______ significant flooding.

2. The new research findings _______ by the leading scientific journal last week.

3. She stated that she _______ the data analysis before the project deadline.

4. The university, _______ research facilities are state-of-the-art, attracts students globally.

5. By the time the conference ended, participants _______ numerous groundbreaking discoveries.

6. He _______ be a highly skilled negotiator, considering how quickly he reached an agreement.

7. Students _______ cite all sources properly to avoid academic dishonesty.

8. The project team had to _______ a new solution after the initial approach failed.

9. Experts are calling for _______ action to mitigate the effects of environmental pollution.

10. There isn't _______ time left to review the entire proposal before the presentation.

11. _______ the severe economic downturn, the company managed to maintain profitability.

12. It is essential _______ reliable data when conducting scientific experiments.

13. The new policy aims to _______ sustainable practices across all industries.

14. The committee presented a _______ analysis of the recent demographic shifts.

15. The unexpected results caused the researchers to _______ their initial hypothesis.

16. Given the rapid advancements in artificial intelligence, some jobs are becoming _______.

17. To _______ a long story short, the negotiations concluded successfully.

18. The expert's presentation provided an _______ overview of the global economic trends.

19. The board expressed its _______ about the potential risks associated with the new venture.

20. The study was conducted _______ a view to understanding the long-term effects of screen time.

21. The _______ of renewable energy sources is paramount for future energy security.

22. The findings were _______ by the evidence gathered from multiple independent experiments.

23. Despite the initial setbacks, the team continued to _______ its goals with determination.

Bài đọc hiểu

The Promise of Sustainable Agriculture

Sustainable agriculture is an approach to farming that aims to produce food in a way that is environmentally friendly, economically viable, and socially responsible. It is not a new concept, with many traditional farming methods naturally incorporating sustainable elements. However, modern sustainable practices integrate scientific advancements to optimize resource use and minimize negative impacts. Key practices include crop rotation, which helps maintain soil fertility and reduce pest issues, and the reduced use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, which protects biodiversity and water quality. Water conservation techniques, such as drip irrigation, are also crucial, especially in arid regions. While the transition to sustainable agriculture can present challenges, such as initial investment costs and the need for new knowledge, its long-term benefits are substantial. These benefits include improved soil health, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, enhanced biodiversity, and more resilient food systems, which are increasingly vital in the face of climate change and growing global populations.

1. What is the main purpose of this passage?

2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a key practice in sustainable agriculture?

3. The word 'mitigate' in the context of 'minimize negative impacts' most nearly means:

4. Sustainable agriculture is a brand new concept developed only recently.

5. All farmers around the world have adopted sustainable agricultural practices.

Digital Nomads: A New Economic Force?

The phenomenon of digital nomadism, where individuals work remotely while traveling to different locations, has gained significant traction in recent years. Fueled by technological advancements and a shift in work culture, these mobile professionals often choose destinations based on cost of living, climate, and local culture. Their presence can have a noticeable impact on local economies. On the one hand, digital nomads contribute to the local economy by spending on accommodation, food, and services. This can provide a welcome boost to tourism-dependent areas, especially during off-peak seasons. On the other hand, a surge in digital nomads can also lead to increased demand for housing, potentially driving up rents and making it difficult for local residents to afford living in their own communities. Furthermore, while they spend locally, their primary income often originates from foreign economies, which might limit their long-term economic integration. Governments and local communities are now exploring policies to balance the economic benefits of digital nomadism with the potential for social displacement.

1. What is the primary focus of this passage?

2. According to the passage, what is a potential negative consequence of digital nomadism for local residents?

3. The word 'surge' in the sentence 'a surge in digital nomads' is closest in meaning to:

4. Digital nomads' primary income usually comes from the local economies where they are staying.

5. Governments are currently trying to prevent digital nomads from visiting their countries.

A Brief History of University Education

The concept of the modern university originated in medieval Europe, with institutions like the University of Bologna (founded 1088) and the University of Paris emerging in the 11th and 12th centuries. Initially, these centers of learning focused primarily on theology, law, and medicine, providing professional training for the church and burgeoning state administrations. Teaching methods were largely based on lectures and disputations, with knowledge being transmitted orally and through limited manuscript access. Over centuries, universities gradually expanded their curricula to include philosophy, mathematics, and the natural sciences. The 19th century marked a pivotal shift, particularly in Germany, where the research university model began to flourish, emphasizing original inquiry and the creation of new knowledge alongside teaching. This model profoundly influenced institutions worldwide, leading to the diverse, multidisciplinary universities we recognize today, which are central to both education and cutting-edge research. Despite their evolution, universities remain crucial institutions for intellectual development and societal progress.

1. What was the main focus of early European universities?

2. Which century saw a significant shift towards the research university model?

3. The word 'pivotal' in the sentence 'The 19th century marked a pivotal shift' most closely means:

4. Early universities were primarily focused on scientific research and experiments.

5. The research university model, which originated in Germany, had little impact on universities outside Europe.