Luyện Tập Ngôn Ngữ - LinguaRead
00:00

1. Not until the final report was released ___ the full extent of the financial mismanagement.

2. The team's research was so ___ that it became the foundational text for all subsequent studies on the topic.

3. Had the engineers anticipated the material's low tolerance for heat, the catastrophic failure ___.

4. The article discusses the ___ of renewable energy sources, weighing their environmental benefits against their economic viability.

5. The professor, ___ years of experience in the field, was able to explain the complex theory with remarkable clarity.

6. Despite initial setbacks, the project was completed on schedule, ___ to the team's unwavering commitment.

7. The new regulations are intended to ___ the illicit trade in endangered species.

8. The light in the laboratory is still on; the researchers ___ on their experiment.

9. It is imperative that the government ___ transparently in its dealings with foreign investors.

10. The study's conclusions were criticized for being based on ___ evidence rather than on a comprehensive data set.

11. ___ all the necessary data, the committee proceeded to a vote.

12. The rapid urbanization of the region has put an unprecedented ___ on its natural resources.

13. Rarely ___ such a clear consensus among scientists from such diverse fields.

14. The company decided to ___ its operations in Asia to take advantage of lower production costs.

15. This new software, ___ designed to streamline workflow, has ironically created more problems than it has solved.

16. The findings of the research are not definitive; ___, they provide a strong basis for future investigation.

17. By the end of this decade, geneticists ___ the entire human genome for thousands of different populations.

18. The old factory, ___ for decades, is now being converted into luxury apartments.

19. Many sociologists argue that economic inequality can ___ social cohesion.

20. The lawyer's ___ questioning revealed inconsistencies in the witness's testimony.

21. The policy was met with considerable ___ from civil liberties groups, who argued it was an invasion of privacy.

22. If I were in your position, I ___ for a second opinion before committing to such a major investment.

23. His early work was often dismissed as ___, but it later proved to be visionary.

24. The treaty, ___ by all member states last year, is due to come into effect next month.

25. The ubiquitous nature of social media has made the ___ of misinformation a significant societal problem.

Bài đọc hiểu

The Ethics of Autonomous Systems

The proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) in autonomous systems, particularly in self-driving vehicles, presents a complex ethical conundrum that transcends mere programming. At the heart of this issue is the modern-day 'trolley problem': how should an autonomous vehicle be programmed to act in an unavoidable accident? Should it prioritize the safety of its occupants over pedestrians, or should it make a utilitarian calculation to minimize overall harm, even if it means sacrificing its passenger? These are not just theoretical questions; they represent concrete programming choices that engineers must make. The challenge is compounded by the lack of a universal ethical framework. A decision that seems rational in one culture might be viewed as abhorrent in another. Furthermore, the question of accountability remains contentious. If an autonomous car makes a fatal decision, is the owner, the manufacturer, or the software developer responsible? Establishing a clear legal and ethical precedent is one of the most formidable challenges facing the widespread adoption of this ostensibly beneficial technology.

1. What is the primary purpose of this passage?

2. The word 'ostensibly' in the final sentence is closest in meaning to:

3. According to the passage, why is programming ethical decisions into AI difficult?

4. What can be inferred about the author's stance on autonomous vehicles?

5. The passage identifies all of the following as responsible parties in a potential accident EXCEPT:

6. The 'trolley problem' is mentioned to illustrate:

7. The tone of the passage can best be described as:

Urban Green Spaces and Public Well-being

The integration of green spaces into urban environments is increasingly recognized not as a luxury, but as a fundamental component of public health infrastructure. A substantial body of research corroborates the tangible benefits that parks, gardens, and greenways confer upon city dwellers. Psychologically, exposure to nature has been demonstrated to reduce stress, mitigate symptoms of depression, and enhance cognitive function. Physiologically, urban green areas encourage physical activity, which can help combat sedentary lifestyles and associated health problems like obesity and cardiovascular disease. However, the mere existence of these spaces is insufficient; equitable access is paramount. All too often, green spaces are concentrated in more affluent neighborhoods, leaving lower-income communities underserved. This disparity can exacerbate existing health inequalities. Furthermore, the phenomenon of 'green gentrification' presents a new challenge, where the creation of new parks can drive up property values, displacing the very residents the green space was intended to benefit. Therefore, urban planners must adopt a more holistic approach, ensuring that the development of green infrastructure is both inclusive and sustainable, actively working to prevent the unintended social consequences.

1. What is the main argument of the passage?

2. The word 'corroborates' in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to:

3. According to the passage, what is 'green gentrification'?

4. What does the author suggest is a potential negative consequence of improperly planned green spaces?

5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of urban green spaces?

6. What can be inferred about the author's view on urban planning?

7. The term 'paramount' in the second paragraph means:

The Paradigm Shift in Higher Education

The traditional model of higher education, characterized by passive, lecture-based instruction, is undergoing a profound paradigm shift. For centuries, the lecturer was the primary conduit of information, and students were receptacles. This model is rapidly becoming obsolete in the face of two powerful forces: technological advancement and the evolving demands of the 21st-century workplace. Technology has democratized access to information, making the simple transmission of facts redundant. Why listen to a lecture on a topic that can be learned from countless online resources? Concurrently, employers increasingly seek graduates who possess not just knowledge, but skills in critical thinking, collaboration, and problem-solving. In response, pedagogical approaches are pivoting towards active, student-centered learning. Methodologies like the 'flipped classroom,' where students engage with content before class and use in-person time for interactive problem-solving, and project-based learning are gaining traction. These models reframe the educator's role from a 'sage on the stage' to a 'guide on the side,' facilitating learning rather than merely dispensing information. This transition is not without its challenges, requiring significant institutional support and faculty development, but it is an essential evolution to prepare students for a complex, dynamic future.

1. What is the central 'paradigm shift' discussed in the text?

2. The word 'obsolete' in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to:

3. According to the passage, what are the two main forces driving this change in education?

4. What does the phrase 'sage on the stage' to a 'guide on the side' illustrate?

5. What can be inferred about the author's opinion on this educational shift?

6. Which statement is NOT supported by the information in the passage?

7. The word 'traction' in the third paragraph is used to mean: