Câu 1:
Seldom ___ such a compelling argument that challenges so many preconceived notions.
Câu 2:
The government's equivocal stance on the matter did little to ___ the fears of the public.
Câu 3:
His arguments, ___ cogent, failed to sway the committee.
Câu 4:
What the report fails to address ___ the long-term socioeconomic implications of the proposed changes.
Câu 5:
The negotiations reached an ___ , with neither side willing to compromise.
Câu 6:
It is incumbent ___ the board of directors to ensure fiscal responsibility.
Câu 7:
If the research team had secured the funding, they ___ the final phase of their study by now.
Câu 8:
The new policy, ___ implementation has been fraught with difficulties, is now under review.
Câu 9:
The politician's speech was a masterpiece of ___, saying much but committing to nothing.
Câu 10:
Her ability to work is one thing, her willingness to ___ quite another.
Câu 11:
The CEO had her legal team ___ the contract meticulously before she would even consider signing it.
Câu 12:
So dire ___ the company's financial situation that drastic measures were unavoidable.
Câu 13:
It was the lead scientist's ___ insight, rather than the data alone, that paved the way for the breakthrough.
Câu 14:
It is paramount that every member of the team ___ fully briefed before the launch.
Câu 15:
She would have accepted the job offer, ___ for the lengthy commute.
Câu 16:
The artist is known for his ___ use of color, which often disorients the viewer.
Câu 17:
The defendant is alleged ___ a key figure in the international crime syndicate.
Câu 18:
He seems confident, but given his track record, he ___ have misjudged the situation entirely.
Câu 19:
Not until the final results were published ___ the full extent of their victory.
Bài đọc: Deconstructing the Canonical Narrative
Post-colonial theory offers a profound critique of the Western literary canon, arguing that it is not a neutral repository of universal truths but a construct that reinforces cultural hegemony. For centuries, the canonical narrative, dominated by European and American authors, has implicitly defined the 'civilized' center against a 'primitive' periphery. In this discourse, non-Western cultures are often depicted through a lens of exoticism or pathology, their subjects rendered as voiceless 'others' who exist only in relation to the colonial protagonist. This process of representation is not benign; it is an exercise of power that perpetuates stereotypes and legitimizes historical inequities. The critical act of 'writing back,' therefore, is a powerful form of resistance. Authors from formerly colonized nations reclaim their narratives, challenging the colonial gaze by articulating the experiences of the subaltern—those whose voices have been systematically silenced. This counter-discourse seeks not merely to add new voices to the canon, but to fundamentally destabilize its authority and expose the ideological underpinnings of what has long been presented as objective literary merit. It forces a re-evaluation of how we read, what we value, and whose stories are deemed worthy of telling.
Câu 20:
According to the passage, the primary goal of post-colonial counter-discourse is to:
Câu 21:
The passage suggests that traditional representation of non-Western cultures in the canon was:
Câu 22:
The passage implies that the 'subaltern' are individuals who:
Câu 23:
What is the central argument of the passage concerning the Western literary canon?
Câu 24:
In this context, 'cultural hegemony' refers to:
Câu 25:
Why does the author place words like 'civilized' and 'other' in quotation marks?
Câu 26:
The act of 'writing back' is presented as a means to:
Câu 27:
The overall tone of the passage is:
Bài đọc: The Ontological Status of Qualia
The philosophical discourse surrounding consciousness is perpetually haunted by the problem of qualia—the subjective, qualitative character of experience, such as the redness of red or the pang of jealousy. While neuroscientific materialism posits that all mental states are reducible to physical brain states, this view encounters a formidable obstacle: the explanatory gap. No matter how comprehensively we map neural correlates, the first-person, ineffable nature of experience seems to elude objective description. To claim that a specific pattern of neuronal firing simply is the experience of seeing red constitutes an epistemological leap, one that dismisses the very phenomenon it purports to explain. This is the crux of the 'hard problem' of consciousness, which is not about how the brain processes information (the 'easy problems'), but why and how any physical processing should give rise to subjective awareness at all. Critics of a purely reductionist approach argue that it conflates correlation with identity, thereby failing to address the fundamental mystery of why we have a rich, private, phenomenal world. The debate thus hinges on whether consciousness is an emergent property that transcends its physical substrate or an illusion to be explained away.
Câu 28:
The word 'ineffable' in the context of the passage most nearly means:
Câu 29:
The tone of the passage can best be described as:
Câu 30:
What is the author's primary stance on neuroscientific materialism?
Câu 31:
What does the author suggest is a key mistake made by reductionist approaches?
Câu 32:
The phrase 'epistemological leap' implies that the materialist view is...
Câu 33:
According to the passage, the 'hard problem' of consciousness concerns:
Câu 34:
The author uses 'the redness of red' as an example of: